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Refugiados ambientales o desplazados climáticos

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Considerado como uno de los mayores desafíos del siglo XXI, son las proyecciones de científicos y ambientalistas, que indican que la escasez de alimentos, la falta de agua potable (producto del agotamiento de acuíferos), inundaciones y elevación del nivel del mar, consecuencias directas del cambio climático, serán las circunstancias que obligaran a desplazarse a más 50 millones de personas en los próximos 10 años. Y al equivalente poblacional de unos de los cinco continentes end of the century.

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The world begins to see a new category of "refugees" who due to serious environmental problems, are forced to migrate within their country or outside it. We refer to the so-called environmental refugees or displaced persons or climate. Where, for the first time, environmental refugees outnumber those fleeing war.
At present, climate change is already impacting on the quality and quantity of food available for many populations in the world.

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same is true with the ever increasing shortage of drinking water, where for example, communities India, China and Mexico, whose aquifers are being emptied completely, have caused millions of people have been forced to migrate. A similar situation relates to the deserts are spreading. Where, scientists say that because of the growth of the Gobi (desert region north of China), are now "refugees from the desert" have moved into Mongolia, Ningxia and Gansu as 4 000 communities are facing depopulation. The same happens in Iran, where Tehran nearby communities have been abandoned by the expansion of desert and lack of water.

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The other major environmental contingency is associated to rising sea level, which is expected to produce extreme floods in China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Philippines, South Korea, Thailand and Vietnam, which would force millions of human beings to move inside such countries, already overcrowded.

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For more serious problems, 75 percent of the populations to be hit by such violent climatic migration are rooted in poor areas of the world: Africa, Asia and Latin America. Although it is believed that many try to reach the northern countries, their own economic opportunities and border barriers will be a deterrent and thickness would shift between las regiones vecinas o circundantes.

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El debate se centra en que los refugiados climáticos, al igual que otros casos de refugiados o desplazados, sufren las mismas inequidades, injusticias sociales y desequilibrios económicos que viven muchos de los pobladores del planeta.

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Sin embargo, solo las víctimas de la violencia política o guerras, son las que tienen a través de organizaciones internacionales acceso a diferentes formas de asistencia financiera, albergues, comida, escuelas y clínicas, los llamados “refugiados o migrantes ambientales” aún no han sido considerados en las convenciones mundiales, lo cual los hace totalmente vulnerables. Ellos, se encuentran tan forced and economic migrants and racial as well, fleeing environmental devastation that produce poor living conditions and hunger after them. Even when politicians believe that migration is a matter of public policy. The reality is that behind this phenomenon, there is a claim of survival: these people have no future and no chance to survive in their places of origin.

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International law recognizes no environmental or climate refugees, as the Geneva Conventions adopted by the United Nations Organization (UNO) in 1951 only cover political or racial refugees.

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It is time colocar, el nuevo estatus de refugiado ambiental en la agenda internacional. Son la real emergencia del futuro.